PRESENT PARTICIPLE

The present participle has the active and the passive form(asking, being asked), which are also displayed by the past participle (having asked, having been asked, asked). More significant differences are found in the forms of the infinitive and the gerund. English readily forms the present and the perfect infinitive both in the active and the passive voice (to ask, to be asked, to have asked, to have been asked), analogous forms being found in the verbal noun, or more exactly, the gerund (asking, being asked. Having asked, having been asked).

The present participle is a verbal form(also called a gerund), similar to the –ing form in English with no stated subject.

Example :

• I always eat while watching TV
• By answering immediately, I avoided a fine

NOTE: This is not the same as the present or the imperfect verb tenses, which can also be translated with an –ing verb form: 

• She is always singing
• He called me while I was taking a shower

Multipe Choice

1. She ________ very hard these days

a. works

b. is working

c. will work

d. worked

Pembahasan :  

Jawaban A bukan simple present, C karena will work yaitu akan bekerja merupakan kalimaat future tense, dan D merupakan past tense, karena sudah melakukan. Jadi jawabannya adalah B is working karena merupakan kalimat present participle

2. The child _________ playing in the yard is my son

a. now

b. is

c. he

d. was

Pembahasan : the child merupakan subjek, playing merupakan present participle, maka jawaban yang benar adalah A karena merupakan kalimat present participle.

3. Bill ________________ there for two hours.

a. sits

b. sitting

c. has been sitting

d. will sat

Pembahasan : Bill merupakan subjek, has been sitting merupakan present participle karena sitting menggunakan verb ing yaitu sedang dilakukan. Jadi jawabnnya adalah C karena merupakan kalimat present participle

4. ______a pleasant news about her father’s arrival in Indonesia, Rose rushed to the airport to pick him up

a. Having

b. As she has

c. Having been

d. Had

Pembahasan : Having merupakan verb, dengan objek yaitu pleasant news dengan menggabungkan 2 kejadian oleh orang yang sama. Jadi jawabnnya adalah A karena merupakan kalimat present participle

5.  The man _____ talking to his friend

a. was

b. were

c. is

d. now

Pembahasan: the man merupakan subjek, is talking merupakan present participle yang merupakan sebuah verb. Jadi jawaban nya adalah C karena merupakan kalimat present participle

Error Analysis

1. Look at the setting sun

Pembahasan: Look disebut finite verb, setting disebut non –finite verb dan merupakan –ing form of verb dan menggunakan adjective

2. I saw him setting his laptop for the presentation

Pembahasan : Saw disini merupakan finite verb dan setting bukan –finite verb dan setting menggunkana –ing form of verb dan merupakan represents a continuous action

3. Setting his laptop on the table, he began the presentation

Pembahasan: Setting merupakan bukan –finite verb dan dengan rumus –ing form of verb yang merupakan represents an action immediately before another action. Dan began merupakan finite verb

4. while watching a movie, I fell asleep

Pembahasan : watching merupakan non –finite verb dan merupakan describes an action in progress, sedangkan fell merupakan finite verb

5. I love this dancing robot

Pembahasan : love merupakan finite verb, dancing merupakan non –finite verb dan merupakan used as an adjective

6. opening her purse, she took out the money

Pembahasan : Opening merupakan non –finite verb dan represents an action immediately before another action, dan took merupakan finite verb

7. The man talking to his friend has a beared

Pembahasan : talking merupakan adjective dari present participle, dan has merupakan verb

8. Mr Ridwan Kamil is an inspiring mayor

Pembahasan: inspiring merupakan present participle karena menggunakan verb-ing

9. He is teaching English

Pembahasan : teaching merupakan waktu sedang dilakukan atau verb-ing

10. They are taking the man to the hospital

Pembahasan : Karena taking merupkaan verb ing atau waktu yang sedang berlangsung

Daftar Pustaka

[1] J Hannelore, Sur le vif, 2009.

[2] Complete Test Preparation Inc, Winnign Multiple Choice Strategies for the Test for Admission into Catholic High Schools, 2018.

[3] Michael Strumpf, Auriel Douglas, The Grammar Bible, New York.